Erectile dysfunction (ED)
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a condition in which a man has difficulty achieving or maintaining an erection firm enough for sexual activity. It commonly occurs due to reduced blood flow to the penis, nerve damage, hormonal imbalances, or psychological factors such as stress, anxiety, and depression. Medical conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, obesity, and smoking greatly increase the risk of ED by damaging blood vessels and nerves. Symptoms may include weak erections, decreased sexual desire, or inability to sustain firmness. Although ED becomes more common with age, it is not a normal part of aging and often signals underlying health problems. Treatment may include lifestyle changes, medications, hormone therapy, counseling, and management of chronic diseases, which can significantly improve sexual function and overall health.