Hypersensitivity reactions

Hypersensitivity reactions

Hypersensitivity reactions are exaggerated immune responses that damage the body instead of protecting it. Type I involves rapid allergic reactions driven by IgE and histamine release. Type II occurs when antibodies attack body cells directly. Type III results from immune complexes depositing in tissues and causing inflammation. Type IV is a delayed, cell-mediated response driven by T-cells leading to tissue injury. Together, these four types explain most allergic, autoimmune, and inflammatory immune disorders seen in clinical medicine.